Commiphora myrrha Resin Alcoholic Extract Ameliorates High Fat Diet Induced Obesity via Regulation of UCP1 and Adiponectin Proteins Expression in Rats.

Sahar H Orabi,Mostafa Abd El-Gaber Mohamed,Mohamed M Abdel-Daim,Hanem K Khalifa,Mabrouk A Abd Eldaim,Moustafa Elhamouly,Shaban M Gad-Allah,Eman Sh Al-Sabbagh

doi:10.3390/nu12030803

Sahar H Orabi, Mostafa Abd El-Gaber Mohamed + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12030803

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Abstract

This study was performed to evaluate anti-obesity potential of Commiphora myrrha resin ethanolic extract (CME) with the respect to expression of leptin, adiponectin and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in rats. Control rats fed basal diet. Second group fed basal diet and administered CME (500 mg/kg bw) orally for 14 weeks. Third group fed high fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. Fourth group fed HFD and administered CME as second group. Fifth group fed HFD for 8 weeks then fed basal diet and administered CME as third group for another 6 weeks. Phytochemical analysis of CME identified the presence of germacrene B, 1,4-benzoquinone, benzofuran, hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-octadecnoic acid methyl ester, reynosin, 11, 14-eicosadienoic acid, isochiapin B, bisabolene epixod, elemene and 1-heptatriacotanol. High fat diet significantly increased food intake, body weight, hyperglycemia, serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein and ketone bodies, AST and AST activities, concentration of malondialdehyde and histopathological changes in hepatic tissues. However, it significantly reduced serum levels of high density lipoprotein, leptin and adiponectin, activity of hepatic glutathione reductase (GR) and brown adipose tissue UCP1 protein expression. In contrast, CME ameliorated HFD increased body weight, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, ketonemia, hepatic tissues lipid peroxidation, restored hepatic tissue architecture and enhanced protein expression of leptin, adiponectin and UCP1 and activity of hepatic GR. This study indicated that CME ameliorated HFD induced hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia through normalization of HFD reduced leptin, adiponectin and UCP1 proteins production and antioxidant activity.

Highlights

Obesity is a serious problem that affects human health leading to several diseases including, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases [1]
Phytochemical analysis of Commiphora myrrha resin ethanolic extract by using GC1300 mass spectrometer indicated the presence of germacrene B, 1,4-benzoquinone, benzofuran, hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-octadecnoic acid methyl ester, reynosin, 11, 14-eicosadienoic acid, isochiapin B, bisabolene epixod, elemene and 1-heptatriacotanol (Figure 1 and Table 3)
The results of our study revealed that feeding rats high fat diet (HFD) increased food intake, liver and body weights and induced hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, hyperketonemia, hypoleptinemia, hypoadiponectinemia and oxidative stress in hepatic tissue accompanied with alteration of liver structure and function and decreased protein expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in brown adipose tissue

Summary

Introduction

Obesity is a serious problem that affects human health leading to several diseases including, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases [1]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized that the high blood cholesterol is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases worldwide leading to death of about 4.4 million people each year. The main character of hyperlipidemia is the elevated levels of serum low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, and reduced level of high density lipoprotein [2]. Consumption of human and rodents’ high fat diet induces obesity and hyperlipidemia associated with altered plasma and tissues cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels that promote the risk of coronary heart disease, fatty liver, and carcinogenesis [3]. It is well documented that HFD induced liver disturbances including hepatomegaly [4,5]

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