Abstract
The objectives of this study were to indicate the best improvement strategy and select parents to begin an improvement program of white grain popcorn based on the combining ability and heterosis of eight populations selected in experiments in the northwestern region of Parana. The traits plant and ear height, grain yield and popping expansion were evaluated. The base populations, the F1 and five controls were evaluated in Maringa, state of Parana, over the course of two years. Heterosis for popping expansion was very low and the best improvement strategy is to raise the values of popping expansion up to commercial levels through intrapopulation improvement of the populations BRS Angela and SC 002. Intense selection must be applied to reduce plant and ear height; interpopulation selection must not be initiated at this moment.
Highlights
In 2004, according to estimates of the packaging industry, the annual demand for popcorn in Brazil was 65 to 70 thousand tons, of which 15 to 20 thousand tons were imported
The release of hybrid IAC-112 developed by the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC), began to reduce the dependence of the country on imported seed notably, according to data obtained from packaging industries (Yoki and Hikari)
According to the classification proposed by Scapim et al (1995), the coefficients of variation are considered low for plant and ear height and mean for grain yield, demonstrating good local control (Table 1)
Summary
In 2004, according to estimates of the packaging industry, the annual demand for popcorn in Brazil was 65 to 70 thousand tons, of which 15 to 20 thousand tons were imported. The producers supply seed and warrant the sale of the product, as far as it meets quality standards (Scapim et al 2006). From this year on, the release of hybrid IAC-112 developed by the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC), began to reduce the dependence of the country on imported seed notably, according to data obtained from packaging industries (Yoki and Hikari). Most farmers used to sow their own seed, derived from local varieties or advanced generations of American hybrids (Sawazaki 1995, Sawazaki et al 2000). Nation-wide, only a few varieties and hybrid lines have been developed (Matta and Viana 2001)
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