Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) systems and electric vehicles (EVs) integrated in local distribution systems are considered to be two of the keys to a sustainable future built environment. However, large-scale integration of PV generation and EV charging loads poses technical challenges for the distribution grid. Each grid has a specific hosting capacity limiting the allowable PV and EV share. This paper presents a combined PV–EV grid integration and hosting capacity assessment for a residential LV distribution grid with four different energy management system (EMS) scenarios: (1) without EMS, (2) with EV smart charging only, (3) with PV curtailment only, and (4) with both EV smart charging and PV curtailment. The combined PV–EV hosting capacity is presented using a novel graphical approach so that both PV and EV hosting capacity can be analyzed within the same framework. Results show that the EV smart charging can improve the hosting capacity for EVs significantly and for PV slightly. While the PV curtailment can improve the hosting capacity for PV significantly, it cannot improve the hosting capacity for EVs at all. From the graphical analysis, it can be concluded that there is a slight positive correlation between PV and EV hosting capacity in the case of residential areas. • Combined PV–EV grid integration study in a residential LV grid is presented. • A novel graphical analysis approach for combined PV–EV HC assessment is presented. • Both HC for PV and EV are analyzed in the same framework. • Smart EV charging and PV curtailment are included to assess possible HC enhancement. • Correlation between HC for PV and EV in the case of residential areas is obtained.
Highlights
The power and transport sectors have been two of the major greenhouse gas emitters since the industrial revolution era [1]
This paper presented a combined PV–electric vehicles (EVs) integration and hosting capacity assessment in a residential distribution grid with EV smart charging and PV curtailment
The hosting capacity assessment was conducted with a novel framework that allows both PV and EV hosting capacity to be assessed together within the same framework
Summary
The power and transport sectors have been two of the major greenhouse gas emitters since the industrial revolution era [1]. The addition of large-scale EV charging can lead to high loads and undervoltage problems [7]. Both surplus generation and increased loads can lead to component overloading and an increase in system losses [8,9]. A power grid has a specific hosting capacity for each type of added new generation such as PV systems, and for loads such as EVs, below which the mentioned problems can be avoided. Voltage deviations and component loading have been the most common performance indices for evaluating the hosting capacity [11]
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