COMBINED POWER PLANT OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

Abstract

Currently, the most promising areas of development of motor transport are an increase of the horsepower characteristic of their power plants as well as increase of fuel efficiency, and reduction of the toxicity level of exhaust fumes. An internal combustion engine as a power unit of the car in a number of operation modes (supplemental motion, small work load, idling, etc.) works extremely inefficiently and contains the high concentration of harmful components in the exhaust fumes. Additionally, in a context of growing shortage of carbohydrate fuels and increase in their value, the problem of the fuel-burn improvement is especially acute. To improve the environmental compatibility and efficiency of power plants of the vehicles, combined cycle power plants are used. One of the most important problems that the machine construction faces is the creation of environmentally friendly and economical power plants. A hybrid power plant, which contains several power units operating on different physical principles, is proposed by the authors. The main power unit uses the energy of liquid or gaseous fuel in the mode of an internal combustion engine; the auxiliary power unit which is made as a reverse volumetrical driving machine with swinging motion of the work tools (forcers or blades), uses air power which comes from a pneumocylinder through a cooler and / or pneumatic air tank. The auxiliary power unit is equipped with a reversible invertor of the driving direction, made on the basis of a spherical slider-crank mechanism. This insures the operation of the auxiliary power unit in the mode of a pneumatic motor or compressor in accordance with the algorithm generated by the electronic control unit of the combined power plant of the vehicle. To utilize the heat energy of the exhaust fumes of the main power unit, the combined power plant is additionally equipped with a Stirling engine or steam generation module and a steam engine; in order to break energy recuperation of the vehicle it is additionally equipped with a hydraulic or electrodrive. Naturally, when choosing the specific forms of application of combined cycle power plants, any combinations of auxiliary power units are possible. They can be supplemented and / or specified based on the knowledge of specialists. Combined cycle power plants are technically complete solution. Their industrial applicability is obvious and is substantiated by experiments. Nowadays, the creation of a combined cycle power plants of a vehicle, which are a combination of several engines operating on different physical principles is the task of great economic importance. Combined power plants this allows to reduce fuel consumption per 100 km significantly, increase energy potential, horsepower characteristic and improve the environmental performance of the vehicle. The work is planned to be continued in the direction of optimization synthesis of auxiliary power units that work on different physical principles.