Abstract
The effects of mild pretreatment and fungal fermentation on the nutritional characteristics of hexane extracted canola meal (HECM) was examined. HECM is a by-product of canola oil extraction process and has restricted use in animal diets due to presence of high levels of antinutritional factors (ANFs) and limited digestibility resulting in low nutrient availability. In this study, HECM was washed with water at different solid loading rates (SLR) to remove soluble ANFs. The wash process removed significant amounts of soluble carbohydrate and glucosinolates from HECM, yielding a meal with higher levels of proteins and amino acids when compared to raw HECM. The digestibility test conducted on rainbow trout with the feed that had 30% of fish meal replaced with washed HECM showed slight improvement with no statistical significance in protein digestibility when compared to HECM. Fermentation of washed HECM and raw HECM with mono- and co-cultures of Aureobasidium pullulans, Neurospora crassa and Aspergillus niger resulted in higher protein and amino acid content when compared to the uninoculated controls. Additionally, different strains under mono- and co-culture fermentations exhibited varied reduction in the ANFs. Overall, these findings suggested that pretreatment with mild water washing and/or fermentation enhances the nutritional value of HECM.
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