Combinations of binary and tertiary toxic effects of extracts of Euphorbia pulcherima latex powder with other plant derived molluscicides against freshwater vector snails

Abstract

Molluscicidal activity of different plant moieties in different combinations (binary or tertiary) were tested against freshwater vector snail Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus in earthen cemented ponds. These snails are belonging to the family Lymnaeidae are known to act as intermediate host of liver fluke Fasciola hepatica cause endemic fascioliasis in cattle and live stock. Binary (1:1) and tertiary (1:1:1) combinations of the rutin, ellagic acid, betulin and taraxerol with Euphorbia pulcherima latex powder were studied molluscicidal activity against freshwater snails Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus in earthen cemented pond. It was observed that the molluscicidal activity of E. pulcherima latex powder with other plant product in combinations of binary and tertiary against harmful snails Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus was time as well as dose dependent. There was a significant negative correlation between LC50 values and exposure periods thus increases in exposure time mixed in binary combination (1:1) of the E. pulcherima latex powder with rutin, ellagic acid and taraxerol the LC50 values decreased from 3.19 mg/L (24h)> to 1.82 mg/L (96h); 6.75 mg/L (24h)> to 3.65 mg/L (96h) and 10.33 mg/L (24h)> to 7.37 mg/L (96h) respectively against snail Lymnaea acuminata and E. pulcherima latex powder with rutin, ellagic acid and taraxerol the LC50 values is decreased from 5.91 mg/L (24h)> to 4.0 mg/L (96h); 8.12 mg/L (24h)> to 5.67 mg/L (96h) and 11.94 mg/L (24h)> to 9.48 mg/L (96h) against Indoplanorbis exustus. Same trend of the toxicity was also observed in the molluscicidal activity of E. pulcherima latex with rutin, ellagic acid, taraxerol and betulin in tertiary combinations (1:1:1) against the freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata and Indoplanorbis exustus.