Abstract
A strong blue up-conversion photoluminescence and a greatly enhanced ferroelectric polarization were observed in Tm3+-Yb3+-W6+-triply-doped bismuth titanate thin films. The thin films were prepared on fused silica and Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si (111) substrates by chemical solution deposition and annealed at 700°C. The strong blue up-conversion emission centered at 478 nm, corresponding to 1G4 → 3H6 transitions of Tm3+ ions, was confirmed to be a three-photon energy-transfer process by pumping laser power dependence of emission intensity. The enhanced ferroelectricity with a high remnant polarization (Pr) value of about 32 μC/cm2 is attributed to the weakened domain pinning due to the reduced oxygen vacancies by W6+ substitution for Ti4+ ions. The thin films combining the strong blue up-conversion photoluminescence with the good ferroelectric properties would provide possibility of realizing novel multifunctional optoelectronic integration device applications.
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