Abstract
BackgroundZn deficiency is one of the leading public health problems in the world. Staple food crop, such as rice, cannot provide enough Zn to meet the daily dietary requirement because Zn in grain would chelate with phytic acid, which resulted in low Zn bioavailability. Breeding new rice varieties with high Zn bioavailability will be an effective, economic and sustainable strategy to alleviate human Zn deficiency.ResultsThe high Zn density mutant LLZ was crossed with the low phytic acid mutant Os-lpa-XS110–1, and the contents of Zn and phytic acid in the brown rice were determined for the resulting progenies grown at different sites. Among the hybrid progenies, the double mutant always displayed significantly higher Zn content and lower phytic acid content in grain, leading to the lowest molar ratio of phytic acid to Zn under all environments. As assessed by in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell model, the double mutant contained the relatively high content of bioavailable Zn in brown rice.ConclusionsOur findings suggested pyramiding breeding by a combination of high Zn density and low phytic acid is a practical and useful approach to improve Zn bioavailability in rice grain.
Highlights
Zn deficiency is one of the leading public health problems in the world
The mutant LLZ and its wild-type parent DBX accumulated higher levels of Fe and Cu compared to Os-lpa-XS110–1and Xiushui110 in each year, but the difference between varieties was small, even not significant for Fe content in 2018 (Table 1)
It is noteworthy that the mutant LLZ exhibited the highest Zn density in brown rice, which was at least 1.88-fold higher than those of other three rice lines on average (Table 2)
Summary
Zn deficiency is one of the leading public health problems in the world. Staple food crop, such as rice, cannot provide enough Zn to meet the daily dietary requirement because Zn in grain would chelate with phytic acid, which resulted in low Zn bioavailability. Zinc (Zn) is one of the essential micronutrients required for various biochemical processes and physiological functions in organisms. It could participate in enzyme activation, and play an important role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (Brocard and Dreno 2011; Kelleher et al 2011). Zn bioavailability of rice grain is influenced by grain Zn content, and Zn enrichment in rice grain
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