Colorimetric Detection of Ammonia Using Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Durian Fruit Shell

Eman Alzahrani,Patricia E Allegretti

doi:10.1155/2020/4712130

Abstract

There has been increased interest in the production of nanoparticles (NP) through green chemistry. This article used durian fruit shell aqueous solution that acts as a reductive preparation of silver NPs. The silver nanoparticles have a size of approximately 25 nm. The NP size uniformity was determined by the SEM and TEM analysis. X-ray diffraction technique was used to characterize crystalline silver nanoparticles face-centered cubic structure. XPS spectrum showed distinct silver peaks on the nanoparticles’ surface. An optical method that was based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to perform the green Ag NPs aqueous ammonia sensing study. Optical measurement facilitated the ammonia sensing study of Ag NPs that had been prepared. The study also investigated the performance of the optical sensor, thus adding validity to the study. Also, the research sought to determine how the concentration of ammonia in ammonia sensing affects the Ag NPs that had been obtained. The study observed a linear relationship with R2 as the correlation factor which was equal to 0.9831. This was observed from the ammonia concentration plot versus absorption ratio that suggested that there was a linear increase in absorption ratio with increase in ammonia concentration. The study significance is that the room temperature optical ammonia sensor can be used in future for medical diagnosis in the detection of low levels of ammonia in biological fluid like sweat, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, plasma, or biological samples. This enhances the application of the technique in human biomedical applications.

Highlights

Ammonia is produced by the process of nitrogen fixation, decomposition of organic compounds, and natural exchange of atmospheric gases [1–6]. e gas has broad applications including the pharmaceutical industry, manufacture of fertilizers, production of explosives, and manufacture of plastics
High ammonia concentration has been implicated in lung disorders and permanent blindness. e gas is hazardous to crustaceans, an aquatic species, even in minimal concentrations. e gas cannot be converted to compounds that are less toxic. e presence of ammonia in the body of humans could be an indication of various diseases and disorders
UV-vis spectrophotometer was used in the monitoring of the kinetics of the synthesis of NPs while their morphology and size were confirmed through different techniques of analysis. e sensing characteristics of the NPs solutions were tested against the surging ammonia solution concentrations between 500 and 3000 ppm through the monitoring of alterations in the amplitude and position of the LSPR with a UV-vis spectrophotometer

Summary

Eman Alzahrani

Is article used durian fruit shell aqueous solution that acts as a reductive preparation of silver NPs. e silver nanoparticles have a size of approximately 25 nm. X-ray diffraction technique was used to characterize crystalline silver nanoparticles face-centered cubic structure. An optical method that was based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to perform the green Ag NPs aqueous ammonia sensing study. Optical measurement facilitated the ammonia sensing study of Ag NPs that had been prepared. The research sought to determine how the concentration of ammonia in ammonia sensing affects the Ag NPs that had been obtained. E study significance is that the room temperature optical ammonia sensor can be used in future for medical diagnosis in the detection of low levels of ammonia in biological fluid like sweat, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, plasma, or biological samples.

Introduction

Experimental Procedure

Results and Discussion

Type of sample Bottle water Marine water

Additional Points