Abstract
This study was carried out to examine color/pattern variation in some C. vulnerata populations in northwestern of Turkey. Three different phenotypes were recognized according to wing color/pattern, two of which are C. vulnerata var. typica and C. vulnerata var. helvetica. The third phenotype has a different pattern from all known variants of this species. The data about the color/pattern variation of C. vulnerata were examined for the first time in Turkey with this study. Besides color/pattern differences, size differences were examined. The samples were classified according to their color/pattern differences and also the total length of the individuals were measured. In order to assure whether the differences are statistically significant among the variants and between sexes, One-Way ANOVA and independent t-test were used. Differences in body size among all variants were significant (P <0.01). The populations of C. vulnerata var. helvetica are overwhelmed in the region. In this variant, it was also found that there was a sexual dimorphism in size, and male individuals were larger than females. This feature was significant (♀♀ n = 50, ♂♂ n = 50, P <0.01). In the other variants, no significant difference was found between the sexes.
Highlights
Cercopidae (Cercopoidea, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadomorpha) is a xylem-sap sucking insect family
Three different variants of C. vulnerata were identified (Fig. 2). Two of these are C. vulnerata var. typica and C. vulnerata var. helvetica but no information was obtained about the third form
No studies have been carried out on the phenotypic variation of C. vulnerata, which has a limited number of local records in Turkey
Summary
Cercopidae (Cercopoidea, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadomorpha) is a xylem-sap sucking insect family This family is characterized by their bright color patterns. Adults of this family can jump well, and their nymphs often produce a frothy secretion Due to these features, they are known as froghoppers and spittlebugs (Carvalho et al, 2006). Their host plants range from wet grasses to trees While their larvae may feed on plant roots the adults fed on aerial portion of plants. Adults can be observed in thermally favored lowlands at the end of April They suck on various herbs and grasses in various open habitats such as extensively used meadows, pastures, fallow land, ruderal tracts, forest, roads and roadsides (Holzinger, 2008)
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