Abstract
Background: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) refers to a condition in which a fetus is unable to achieve its genetically determined potential size. IUGR may also be defined as growth at the 10th or less percentile for weight of the all fetuses at that gestational age. It has long been recognized that impaired fetoplacental perfusion is associated with intrauterine growth retardation. Ultrasonography with Color Doppler has provided a new tool for this purpose.Objective: To evaluate the role of Color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of IUGR.Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the department of Radiology & Imaging of Dhaka Medical College Hospital within a period of January 2010 to September 2011 on 90 patients aged between 17?35 years who were clinically suspected as cases of IUGR or previously USG diagnosed cases of IUGR.Results: The highest incidence of IUGR was found in the age group between 21?25 years. The mean gestational age at birth was 33.2 ± 3.5 weeks and mean birth weight 1.3 ± 6.2 kg in case of abnormal cerebral-umbilical (C/U) ratio group. According to cerebral-umbilical pulsatility index (PI) value 65 cases (72.2%) were diagnosed as abnormal and 25 (27.8%) as normal flow pattern. Perinatal findings showed that 67 were small for gestational age (SGA) and 23 had normal birth weight. The validity of cerebral-umbilical PI ratio for diagnosis of IUGR was studied by calculating sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV.Conclusion: In this study Color Doppler findings of cerebral-umbilical vessels and the validity tests reveal that Color Doppler evaluation of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical artery (UA) PI ratio is an useful modality in diagnosis of IUGR.J Enam Med Col 2017; 7(3): 140-145
Highlights
Impaired fetoplacental perfusion is associated with intrauterine growth retardation.[1]
The flow velocity waveform was recorded from the umbilical artery (UA) and the fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA)
Out of 90 patients who were evaluated by Doppler USG to identify the normal and abnormal cerebral umbilical pulsatility index ratio, 65 (72.2%) were found abnormal and 25 (27.8%) were normal (Table II)
Summary
Impaired fetoplacental perfusion is associated with intrauterine growth retardation.[1]. Intrauterine growth retardation is a syndrome characterized by failure of the fetus to reach its Intrauterine growth retardation is associated with an increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity and impaired neurodevelopment.[8,9] The correct detection of the compromised intrauterine growth retardation fetus to allow for timely intervention is a main objective of antenatal care.[10] Umbillical artery and middle cerebral artery doppler velocimetry is the most rigorous evaluation test among the noninvasive tests of fetal well being.[11]. The mean gestational age at birth was 33.2 ± 3.5 weeks and mean birth weight 1.3 ± 6.2 kg in case of abnormal cerebral-umbilical (C/U) ratio group. Conclusion: In this study Color Doppler findings of cerebral-umbilical vessels and the validity tests reveal that Color Doppler evaluation of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical artery (UA) PI ratio is an useful modality in diagnosis of IUGR
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