Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the influence of seasonality on mycorrhizal colonization in roots of six rootstocks in an orchard of 'Montenegrina' mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Tenore). Rootstocks evaluated were: 'Flying Dragon' [Poncirus trifoliata var. monstrosa (T. Ito) Swing.]; 'Troyer' citrange [C. sinensis (L.) Osb. × P. trifoliata (L.) Raf.]; 'Swingle' citrumelo [C. paradisi Macf. × P. trifoliata]; 'Rangpur' lemon (C. limonia Osb.); 'Volkamer' lemon (C. volkameriana Ten. & Pasq.); 'Caipira' orange (C. sinensis). Roots were collected in the four seasons. The density of structures, root colonization (number of infected segments/total analyzed) and spore density were determined. The rootstocks showed high percentages of colonization in the spring (above 96.60%). In winter, only 'Swingle' and 'Rangpur' showed high colonization rates (96.60 and 95.00 %, respectively). On the other hand, 'Flying Dragon', 'Troyer' and 'Volkamer' showed low colonization in winter (11.60 to 33.30 %). 'Flying Dragon' showed an increase in mycorrhizal colonization from the winter season (33.30 %) to spring (100.00 %) and a subsequent decrease from summer (95.00 %) to autumn (63.30 %). Mycorrhizal colonization occurs naturally and at a high rate on rootstocks, varying between rootstocks and seasons. There is a negative correlation between foliar nutritional content and the presence of AMFs.
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