Abstract
An investigation has been made about the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) spore population and root colonization in 20 medicinal plants selected and collected from district Charsadda at early winter and summer seasons during session 2014-2015. The spore density of AMF ranged from 80 spores per 100gm -1 , and root colonization from 20-80%. The lowest spore density was recorded in Cestrum nocturnum, Ficus carica, Aquilaria agallocha and the highest spore density was recorded in Sedum dendroideum, Cannabis sativa, Triticum aestivum, and Mentha longifolia, Withania somnifera while absent in Brassica campestris, Amaranthus viridis. The spore density of AMF and root colonization by these fungi varied from species to species, season to season, and also affected by host plant growth stages (vegetative-fruiting).AM fungi association was more observed at fruiting stage and low at vegetative and flowering phases of host. The most dominant species of AMF were Glomus followed by Sclerocystis and Acaulospora species.
Highlights
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungi is a diverse group of associationsMycorrhiza is a symbiotic relationship which are formed by the co-evolution between a fungus and the roots of higher between fungi and plants and benefits to plants [1]. ‘‘Mycorrhiza, is a mutualistic both partners [3]
Essential to know the specificity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) host pathogen combination for beneficial purpose [5]. ‘‘Mycorrhizal fungi are mostly widespread since they can be found in the roots of most plant species, these characteristics make mycorrhizal fungi a potential powerful tool to be used in actions towards a sustainable management of the environment’’ [6, 7]
Medicinal plants are known as source of ‘phytochemicals, or active compounds’ that are worldwide used for their natural properties, As many medicinal plants selected for this study has pharmaceutical and industrial importance for example, basil is a vital source of essential oil and used for a perfumery, cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industry [8]
Summary
Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic relationship which are formed by the co-evolution between a fungus and the roots of higher between fungi and plants and benefits to plants [1]. ‘‘Mycorrhiza, is a mutualistic both partners [3]. Percent root colonization for each plant was calculated using following relation: Total no. AMF spores from the 100gm roots zone soil were isolated using wet sieving and decanting method [15]. AMF in their rhizospheric soils associated as mean spore density/100gm soil. The total with their roots and nearly 80 percent are number of spores obtained by wet sieving colonized. Our results have demonstrated growing in symbiotic association with the that Glomus was the dominant specie. These earliest Diazotrophic cyanobacteria, Nostoc results are in agreement with results species in medicinal plants [22]. A similar obtained by [18].which shows that Glomus report has very recently been published by species were dominant followed by [23]
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