Co-Immobilization of Glucose Dehydrogenase and Xylose Dehydrogenase as a New Approach for Simultaneous Production of Gluconic and Xylonic Acid.

Jakub Zdarta,Agata Zdarta,Ewa Kaczorek,Teofil Jesionowski,Anne S Meyer,Karolina Bachosz,Manuel Pinelo,Oliwia Degórska

doi:10.3390/ma12193167

Jakub Zdarta, Agata Zdarta + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12193167

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Abstract

The conversion of biomass components catalyzed via immobilized enzymes is a promising way of obtaining valuable compounds with high efficiency under mild conditions. However, simultaneous transformation of glucose and xylose into gluconic acid and xylonic acid, respectively, is an overlooked research area. Therefore, in this work we have undertaken a study focused on the co-immobilization of glucose dehydrogenase (GDH, EC 1.1.1.118) and xylose dehydrogenase (XDH, EC 1.1.1.175) using mesoporous Santa Barbara Amorphous silica (SBA 15) for the simultaneous production of gluconic acid and xylonic acid. The effective co-immobilization of enzymes onto the surface and into the pores of the silica support was confirmed. A GDH:XDH ratio equal to 1:5 was the most suitable for the conversion of xylose and glucose, as the reaction yield reached over 90% for both monosaccharides after 45 min of the process. Upon co-immobilization, reaction yields exceeding 80% were noticed over wide pH (7–9) and temperature (40–60 °C) ranges. Additionally, the co-immobilized GDH and XDH exhibited a significant enhancement of their thermal, chemical and storage stability. Furthermore, the co-immobilized enzymes are characterized by good reusability, as they facilitated the reaction yields by over 80%, even after 5 consecutive reaction steps.

Highlights

Over the last decades, the number of porous materials has significantly increased
(GDH), D-glucose (Glu), D-xylose (Xyl), gluconic acid sodium salt (GA), xylonic acid lithium salt (XA), acetate buffer, phosphate buffer and tris-HCl buffer were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrate (NAD+ ), β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced disodium salt hydrate (NADH), Coomassie Brilliant Blue CBB G-250, pyridine, MSTFA, hexane, 96% ethanol, hydrochloric acid and 85% H3 PO4 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany)
15 silica material after using co-immobilization and the microscope in the porous structure parameters and Fourier transform spectra efficiency(TEM), of the changes immobilization were examined based on images obtained using ainfrared transmission (FTIR)

Summary

Introduction

The number of porous materials has significantly increased. Due to their various properties, such as a high porosity, defined pore structure and size, as well as numerous functional groups, they find application in many fields of science and industry [1]. The structure of the SBA 15 mesoporous silica is composed of hexagonal, two-dimensional internal pores with diameters between 5 nm and 30 nm [3]. Due to such a system, SBA 15 silica is characterized by a considerably

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