Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression Integrating Malaysian Culture: A Case Illustration

Abstract

This clinical case assessed the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating major depressive disorder in a 26-year-old female, Sara, attributing her depression to pregnancy, financial constraints, parental duties, and emotional stress. Sara had eight sessions of CBT, during which her symptoms were measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II). Sara’s depressive symptoms dramatically decreased after the intervention, moving her HAM-D and BDI-II scores from moderate to mild depression and from clinically depressed to mild, respectively. The assessment showed improved interest, concentration, energy levels, and a more positive self-perception. Integrating Malaysian cultural elements into CBT, emphasizing family support, community engagement, and spirituality positively impacted Sara. This study emphasizes the value of culturally appropriate CBT for depression as it can help with symptom management, challenging negative thoughts, and bolstering self-esteem. This method identifies and addresses cultural impacts on mental health, recommending the incorporation of cultural aspects in therapy, enhancing relapse prevention and quality of life for Malaysians experiencing depression.