Abstract
The process of argumentation aimed at changing hierarchies of values can be called dialectical reasoning. The cognitive feature of metaphor in this type of argumentation in A. Lincoln’s discourse is the elimination of differences in the order of the elements of the hierarchy of values in the worldview of the participants in the communication; therefore, the metaphor coordinates the value positions of the communication partners. Discourse feature of metaphor in this type of argument is that it is a tool for creating the following speech strategies according to A. Lincoln: expertise, encouragement, activation of various kinds of social obligations, a propaganda strategy.
Highlights
In the cognitive approach to the study of metaphor, it is perceived as the main link in the assimilation and transfer of knowledge, and we can define the metaphor as the experience of one kind in terms of another experience
As a nation of freemen, we must live through all time, or die by suicide”[2]
We find ourselves under the government of a system of political institutions, conducting more essentially to the ends of civil and religious liberty, than any of which the history of former times tells us”, which consists of 2 Assertives
Summary
In the cognitive approach to the study of metaphor, it is perceived as the main link in the assimilation and transfer of knowledge, and we can define the metaphor as the experience of one kind in terms of another experience. Lincoln turns to the fundamental value categories in the picture of the addressee's world, such as civil and religious freedom, political institutions that are the foundations of a democratic state.
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