Abstract
Radiation dose is a concern in X-ray tomographic imaging; coded aperture compressive X-ray tomosynthesis is an approach used to reduce radiation. It places a coded aperture in front of an X-ray source in order to obtain 2D patterned projections of a three-dimensional object onto a detector plane. By using different coded apertures in a multiple source system, multiplexed projections can be obtained instead of sequential projections as in conventional tomosynthesis systems. Compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction algorithms are then used to recover the three-dimensional data cube. An optimization approach to design the structure of the coded apertures in a multiple source compressive X-ray tomosynthesis imaging system is presented. A uniform energy criteria on the voxels and detector elements is used so that the object is uniformly sensed and the elements of the detector plane uniformly sense the information. Simulations and experimental results for optimized coded apertures are shown, and their performance is compared to the use of random coded apertures.
Highlights
X-ray tomosynthesis imaging systems have become essential in medical imaging diagnostic tasks such as coronary angiography, dual energy imaging and mammography, among others [1]
Experimental tomography data was obtained at Chesapeake Testing Inc., with a Nikon metrology 225/450kV Vault computed tomography (CT) scanning system with a 450kV micro-focus X-ray source capable of producing a spot-size down to 80um
The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is used to compare the reconstructions obtained since it is suitable for comparing restoration results as it does not depend strongly on the image intensity scaling
Summary
X-ray tomosynthesis imaging systems have become essential in medical imaging diagnostic tasks such as coronary angiography, dual energy imaging and mammography, among others [1]. In order to reduce damage that radiation can cause to patients, optimized hardware settings have been proposed by lowering the number of angles at which projections are taken [3]. In this sense, tomosynthesis can be considered a limited-angle computed tomography (CT) that results in less radiation exposure for the patient [3]. In [6], Choi et al introduced coded aperture X-ray tomosynthesis, which goes beyond sparse regularization since it allows the acquisition of compressive measurements. Random coded apertures are used to modulate the measurements obtained by varying the angle and detector use for each projection [7]. The methods presented in this paper for compressive X-ray tomosynthesis can be extended to the third-generation CT scanners, in which a fan beam X-ray source rotates around the object
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