Coccinellid Predators of Aphid and Their Phylogenetic Analysis Using COI Gene Sequences

Abdul Jabber Howlader,Abu Faiz Md Aslam,Faria Farhana Rain,Habiba Sultana Ringki,Nahida Sultana,Nayma Akter

doi:10.3126/ijasbt.v4i3.15782

Abdul Jabber Howlader, Abu Faiz Md Aslam + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v4i3.15782

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Abstract

An extensive survey of aphid predatory Coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was conducted in Jahangirnagar University campus, Savar during October 2014 to March 2016. Total nine ladybird beetles viz, Adalia bipunctata, Coccinella septempunctata, Coccinella transversalis, Cycloneda munda, Harmonia axyridis, Hippodamia convergens, Micraspis discolor, Scymnus nebulosus, Sticholotis sp. were identified as predators of aphid. Among them, Micraspis discolor was most abundant predator. Biology and bio-control potential of M. discolor was studied in laboratory condition on bean infesting aphid (Aphis fabae). The maximum predation was 102±1.83 observed in 4th instar larvae of M. discolor. Along with biological study, phylogenetic relationship of ladybird beetles was constructed based on mitochondrial COI gene. Out of nine identified coccinellids, five species showed more conserve region than the rest in alignment. The interspecific genetic distance ranges for nine beetles were very low (0.15-0.24). Higher interspecific genetic diversity recorded for H. axyridis. The phylogenetic tree was created and analyzed using both Neighbour Joining and Maximum likelihood methods to define the origin and evolutionary relationships of the species. Molecular analysis demonstrated that evolution of these species has been occurred from a common ancestor. Such study of ladybird beetles would be helpful in biological control program of aphid pest. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 408-416

Highlights

Aphids are broadly recognized as some of the most destructive pests and its distribution is worldwide
The purpose of this study was to construct the phylogenetic relationship within the ladybird beetles Coccinellidae using Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene and estimate the divergence from the common ancestor
COI gene sequence of nine coccinellid beetle species was collected from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) for their molecular and phylogenetic analysis (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Aphids are broadly recognized as some of the most destructive pests and its distribution is worldwide. Black bean aphid (Aphis fabae, Homoptera: Aphididae) is the most domineering pest of beans and some other crops. Bean aphid invades a large number of fruit, vegetable, agronomic, and ornamental plants. This pest accounts for yield losses ranging from 37 to 90% (Abate et al, 2000; Ampofo and Massomo,2009). They cause impairment directly by sucking cell sap, secrete honeydew resulting in development of sooty mold on leaves and shoots and secondarily as vectors of certain plant viruses (Difonzo et al, 1997; Kennedy et al, 1962; Raboudi et al, 2002)

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