Abstract
Coal tar (CAS 8007-45-2) is a highly complex substance of hydrocarbon compounds produced by the pyrolysis of coal. Coal tar constituents are expected to be absorbed and systemically bioavailable. Coal tar and its products show low acute toxicity, but may irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Phototoxicity may be produced by UVA radiation, resulting in skin irritation and hyperpigmentation. Chronic exposure can produce various skin lesions, including precancerous and cancerous growths. Coal tar is a known human carcinogen. Occupational exposure to coal tar poses an increased risk of skin, lung, and scrotum cancer. Some constituents, e.g. benzo[a] pyrene, may form DNA adducts. Toxicogenomic studies show that coal tar exposure perturbed several biological pathways including DNA damage response, altered cell signaling, metabolism, immune/inflammatory response, cytoskeletal reorganization, and cellular homeostasis.
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