CO2 reduction in a common rail direct injection engine using the combined effect of low carbon biofuels, hydrogen and a post combustion carbon capture system

Abstract

ABSTRACT The transportation sector is a major emitter of carbon dioxide emissions. It is a known fact that carbon dioxide is the cause of global warming which has resulted in extreme weather conditions as well as climate change. In this study a combination of different methods of expediting the CO2 emission from a single cylinder common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine has been explored. The methods include use of low carbon content biofuels (lemon peel oil (LPO) and camphor oil (CMO), inducing hydrogen in the intake manifold and zeolite based after-treatment system. Initial engine operation with the low carbon content biofuel blends resulted in reduced smoke and CO2 emissions. Substitution of the blends with hydrogen further assisted in decrease in emission and improvement in engine efficiency. Later on in the exhaust pipe an after-treatment system containing zeolite was placed. The emissions were found to reduce even further and at full load condition the lowest CO2 (39.7% reduction) and smoke (49% reduction) emissions were observed with LPO blend and hydrogen induction. The NO emission with hydrogen induction increases for both the blends, however, it was seen that the zeolite based treatment system was effective in reducing the emission as well. As compared to baseline diesel, the maximum reduction in NO emission was 23% at full load with LPO blend, hydrogen induction and after-treatment system.