Abstract
CO2 was converted to synthesis gas in a microwave plasma–catalytic reactor by methane reforming at atmospheric pressure. The hybrid system used waste heat from the plasma to heat the catalyst. Conversion degrees were examined as a function of gas temperature, and the reforming efficiency of the plasma-only system was compared with that of the hybrid system. As a result, the hybrid system was shown to be more efficient under catalyst-free conditions. The use of microwave plasma alone resulted in low conversions of CO2 and CH4, which were 32.9% and 42.7%, respectively, at 3 kW microwave power. High CO2 and CH4 conversions of 87.9% and 92.9%, respectively, were achieved in the presence of catalyst at the same microwave power. At constant microwave power, catalyst addition increased the H2 and CO mass yield rates to 0.27 kg/h and 2.012 kg/h, respectively. Additionally, the H2 energy yield were 270 g/h, and 91.2 g/kWh. Thus, the developed hybrid system is well suited for efficient and economically viable CO2 reduction and synthesis gas production, paving the way for next-generation CO2 utilization and zero-emission industrial processes.
Highlights
The ever-increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) significantly contribute to global climate change, necessitating the search for methods of reducing the emissions of this greenhouse gas to zero
Spectroscopic diagnostics indicated that the carbon dry reforming (CDR) reaction was induced at high temperature and that active radicals, oxygen species, were produced in the CO2 microwave plasma
The results obtained suggested that the introduction of hydrocarbons into the CO2 microwave plasma torch would result in their conversion into new materials, while the CO2 concentration in the torch would be concomitantly reduced
Summary
The ever-increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) significantly contribute to global climate change, necessitating the search for methods of reducing the emissions of this greenhouse gas to zero. At the Paris climate conference (COP21) held in December 2015, 195 countries agreed on the first ever universal and legally binding global climate deal This agreement sets a long-term goal of keeping the global average temperature increase to well under 2 ◦ C above pre-industrial levels and foresees the undertaking of rapid reductions in accordance with the best available methods. Used reforming technology employs plasma or a catalyst for a dry reforming reaction with CH4 or a similar hydrocarbon material and CO2 to produce a synthesis gas (Syngas) containing H2 or CO, thereby recycling CO2. One aspect of the hybrid system is the use of CO2 plasma and a catalyst, which can maximize reforming efficiency, since the supplied. Spectroscopic diagnostics indicated that the carbon dry reforming (CDR) reaction was induced at high temperature and that active radicals, oxygen species, were produced in the CO2 microwave plasma. The production of syngas through dry reforming confirmed that the developed hybrid system can be used to effectively achieve methane conversion at atmospheric pressure
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