Abstract
In this article, we studied two different types of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS®) functionalized nanoparticles as additives for nanocomposite membranes for CO2 separation. One with amidine functionalization (Amidino POSS®) and the second with amine and lactamide groups functionalization (Lactamide POSS®). Composite membranes were produced by casting a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer, containing either amidine or lactamide functionalized POSS® nanoparticles, on a polysulfone (PSf) porous support. FTIR characterization shows a good compatibility between the nanoparticles and the polymer. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) show an increment of the crystalline regions. Both the degree of crystallinity () and the alpha star transition, associated with the slippage between crystallites, increase with the content of nanoparticles in the PVA selective layer. These crystalline regions were affected by the conformation of the polymer chains, decreasing the gas separation performance. Moreover, lactamide POSS® shows a higher interaction with PVA, inducing lower values in the CO2 flux. We have concluded that the interaction of the POSS® nanoparticles increased the crystallinity of the composite membranes, thereby playing an important role in the gas separation performance. Moreover, these nanocomposite membranes did not show separation according to a facilitated transport mechanism as expected, based on their functionalized amino-groups, thus, solution-diffusion was the main mechanism responsible for the transport phenomena.
Highlights
Global warming is one of the major problems that face humanity
After scanning several several membranes and places of the membrane, we conclude that a continuous composite Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer membranes and places of the membrane, we conclude that a continuous composite PVA layer is is formed on the support, and no evidence of pores or defects was observed
The Lactamide POSS®/PVA system shows the aliphatic stretch for C–N at 1020 cm−1, between 1550–1650 cm−1 belongs to the secondary amides bending, that increases with the the presence of POSS® at 1080 cm−1, and the secondary amines bending, that increases with the addition of nanoparticles
Summary
Global warming is one of the major problems that face humanity. Global warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, of which the main component is carbon dioxide (CO2 ). The study of advanced materials and modern manufacturing methods have helped to obtain new and improved membranes that have better separation performances, contributing to obtain environmental friendly gas membrane separation processes which demand less energy. The recognized trade-off between gas permeability and selectivity has resulted in a rather slow development of new polymeric membranes [16] Both parameters need to be considered to have a promising membrane for industrial processes. The manufactured membranes involve the addition of carriers that are expected to improve the gas separation properties Nanosized particles, such as polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS® ). POSS with lactic moieties is believed to improve compatibility of Lactamide POSS
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