Co-occurrence of deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives in Chinese beer samples

Abstract

There is a lack of data information on the contamination levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated derivatives in beer sold on the Chinese market. In this work, the DON and its acetylated derivatives content in 75 beer samples from the Chinese market was analyzed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS). 25 samples (33.33%) existed the contamination of DON and its acetylated derivatives. In positive beer samples, DON had the highest average concentration of 4.03 μg/L with a proportion of 92%, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON) was 1.48 μg/L with a proportion of 20%, and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) was 3.77 μg/L with a proportion of 20%. Interestingly, there was a correlation between the contamination of DON and its acetylated derivatives and original gravity in beer on Chinese market. Through calculation, the lowest and highest boundaries of the possible daily intake (PDI) for DON and its acetylated derivatives caused by beer samples were 2.65 and 6.82 ng/kg bw/day respectively, indicating that the DON and its acetylated derivatives content found in Chinese beer can be considered as a safe low level. This study provides data support for the contamination of DON and its acetylated derivatives in Chinese beer.