Co-infection malaria and HIV/AIDS: Epidemiological and clinical aspects at the Communal Medical Center (CMC) Miniere, Guinea

Abstract

Objectives: to calculate the frequency of malaria and HIV co-infections, to describe the socio-demographic characteristics, to describe the clinical signs and to plan treatment. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive study lasting 09 months from August 01, 2019 to April 31, 2020, conducted at CMC Minière (2nd level reference structure in Guinea). We carried out an exhaustive inventory of cases according to the inclusion and non-inclusion criteria. After applying the selection procedure (inclusion and non-inclusion criteria), we obtained a sample of size N = 68 cases. Results: we recorded 68 seropositive malaria patients out of a total of 1232, i.e. a frequency of 5.52%. The epidemiological profile was that of a person in the age group of 30-34 years (26.47%), Unemployed (47.06%), out of school (54.41%) and single (75%). The reasons for consultation are dominated by fever (69.11%) and physical asthenia (50%). Patients were from their homes (92.65%). The type of malaria was severe associated with HIV1 infection (55.88%). The majority of patients had an average parasite density (10,000-50000) or 54.41% and 22.06% had a CD4 count between 200-499 cells / mm3. The antimalarial and antiretroviral treatment consisted respectively of the administration of quinine 65% and AZT + 3TC + EFV or 54.41%. N.B: AZT = Zidovudine; 3TC = Lamivudine; EFV = Efavirenz; d4T = Stavudine Conclusion: Malaria contributes to an increase in the viral load in adults with positive retroviral serology, due to the lymphopenia caused during febrile attacks. This finding suggests an emphasis on malaria in people infected with HIV.