Abstract
Abstract A simple electrostatic model for the effective charges associated with small linear defects in non-stoichiometric mile is introduced. This is used to predict relative stabilities of clusters of linear defects. The results are in good agreement with recent high-resolution electron microscopic observations of the presence of small cluster defects in non-stoichiometric rutile (TiO2-x; 0≤x≤0·0035) and chromia-doped rutile ((Ti, Cr)O2-x; 0≤x≤0·05), and with observations of the precipitation of pairs of crystallographic shear planes and {100} platelet defects.
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