Clustering of ingredients with amino acid composition similar to the nutritional requirement of Nile tilapia

Álvaro José De Almeida Bicudo,Luis Fernando Batista Pinto,José Eurico Possebon Cyrino

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162010000500004

Álvaro José De Almeida Bicudo, Luis Fernando Batista Pinto + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162010000500004

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Journal: Scientia Agricola	Publication Date: Oct 1, 2010
Citations: 19	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco

Abstract

The search for balanced diets, which may elicit improved growth of fish, requires appropriate selection of available protein sources. This study aims at clustering feedstuffs according to amino acid profile, determining which ones show essential amino acids (EAA) profiles closer to the ideal dietary amino acids requirements of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), and studying the relationship among amino acids feedstuffs groups. Tabled data on EAA more cystine and tyrosine, in relation to lysine contents, of 40 feedstuffs ordinarily used to formulate fish diets were studied. Feedstuffs were grouped according to amino acids profile by cluster analysis of Euclidean distances. The principal components analysis was used to determine the relationship among amino acids in each feedstuff group. Three groups of ingredients were parted and two ingredients, low tannin sorghum and corn gluten meal 60%, did not go with any group. Dietary amino acids requirements of Nile tilapia were similar to the amino acid profile of 22 feedstuffs. The principal component analysis explained with three principal components more than 75% of total variance of amino acids in three feedstuff groups. Therefore, until additional, detailed information on amino acids availability of different ingredients is consolidated, total amino acids profiles will continue to be important information to select and use conventional or surrogate ingredients for formulating and processing feeds for tilapia.

Highlights

To any other animal, Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, have no dietary requirement for protein, but require a well-balanced blend of essential (EAA) and nonessential amino acids (NEAA) in the diet (Santiago and Lovell, 1988; Furuya et al, 2004)
Data on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and total amino acid (AA) contents of selected feedstuff were obtained from NRC (1993) and Rostagno et al (2005)
Amino acid profiles (AAP) of feedstuffs were expressed as percent protein of each amino acid in relation to lysine (Table 1), following the formula: AAP = 100 × EAA/[Lys], where EAA is the concentration of each amino acid, including cystine and tyrosine, in tilapia muscle tissue

Summary

Introduction

To any other animal, Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, have no dietary requirement for protein, but require a well-balanced blend of essential (EAA) and nonessential amino acids (NEAA) in the diet (Santiago and Lovell, 1988; Furuya et al, 2004). When feed formulation is based on the ideal protein concept, smaller amounts of protein are used to meet dietary amino acid requirements of animals. Maximizing the effective use and minimizing the amount of dietary protein can substantially reduce production costs, increase farm profitability, and reduce excretion of nitrogenous wastes and fishing efforts to produce fishmeal (Wilson, 2002). Identifying feedstuffs whose amino acid profiles equal or near fish dietary requirements can come handy for diets formulation and processing purposes. Agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.), v.67, n.5, p.517-523, September/October 2010

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