Abstract
The technological advances in wireless communication, micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technologies and digital electronics over the past few years have enabled the development of wireless sensor network (WSN). In some applications, the WSN nodes are dedicated to be mobile rather than static. This requirement poses new and interesting challenges for both medium access control (MAC) and routing protocols design. In this paper, we propose mobility and traffic adapted cluster based routing for mobile nodes (CBR-Mobile) protocol in WSN to support the mobility of sensor nodes in an energy-efficient manner while maintaining maximum delivery ratio and minimum average delay. The mobility and traffic adapted scheduling based MAC design enables the cluster heads in WSN to reuse the free or unused timeslots to support the mobility of sensor nodes. Each cluster head maintains two simple database tables to achieve this adaptation. The proposed CBR-Mobile protocol enables the mobile sensor nodes that disconnected with their cluster heads to rejoin the network through other cluster heads within a short time. The results show that it can achieve around 43% improvement on packet delivery ratio while simultaneously offering lower delay and energy consumption compare to LEACH-Mobile protocol.
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