Abstract
Abstract. Landslide monitoring is a crucial tool for the prevention of hazards. It is often the only solution for the survey and the early-warning of large landslides cannot be stabilized. The objective of present study is to use a low-cost image system to monitor the active landslides. We adopted the direct linear transformation (DLT) method in close range digital photogrammetry to measure terrain of landslide at the Huoyen Shan, Miaoli of central Taiwan and to compare measured results with e-GPS. The results revealed that the relative error in surface area was approximately 1.7% as comparing the photogrammetry with DLT method and e-GPS measurement. It showed that the close range digital photogrammetry with DLT method had the availability and capability to measure the landslides. The same methodology was then applied to measure the terrain before landslide and after landslide in the study area. The digital terrain model (DTM) was established and then was used to calculate the volume of the terrain before landslide and after landslide. The volume difference before and after landslides was 994.16 m3.
Highlights
Photogrammetry is a branch of technology, science, and art where reliable results are obtained by recording, measuring, explicating the emitted electromagnetic energy and topographic images given shape by physical objects and reflected beams from surrounding formed by them (Abdel-Aziz and Karara, 1971)
When the object size and the camera-to-object distance are both less than 100 m, terrestrial photogrammetry is defined as close range photogrammetry
Close range photogrammetry offers the possibility of obtaining threedimensional coordinates of an object from two-dimensional digital images in a rapid, accurate, reliable, flexible, and economical way
Summary
Photogrammetry is a branch of technology, science, and art where reliable results are obtained by recording, measuring, explicating the emitted electromagnetic energy and topographic images given shape by physical objects and reflected beams from surrounding formed by them (Abdel-Aziz and Karara, 1971). Images are acquired via overhead shots from an aircraft, providing topographic maps and land use details. Images are obtained at locations near or on the surface of the earth and provided detailed dimensional information of an object. When the object size and the camera-to-object distance are both less than 100 m, terrestrial photogrammetry is defined as close range photogrammetry. Close range photogrammetry offers the possibility of obtaining threedimensional coordinates of an object from two-dimensional digital images in a rapid, accurate, reliable, flexible, and economical way. This makes it an ideal tool for precise industrial measurement (Fraser, 1993). Close range photogrammetric systems have been used successful for measurements in fluid physics experiments (Maas et al, 2002), underwater archeological surveying (Green et al, 2002), and monitoring the thermal deformation of steel beams (Fraser and Riedel, 2000), for mapping low relief fluvial geomorphic features ranging from 10 to 100 m2 (Heritage et al, 1998), for surveying of cultural heritage monuments and historical buildings (Mills and Barber, 2004; Arias et al, 2005; Yastikil, 2007; Yilmaz et al, 2007; Yilmaz et al, 2008; Liu et al, 2012; Reinoso et al, 2014), and for modeling of mouldboard plough surfaces (Aguilar et al, 2005)
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