Clinico-epidemiological study of acute ischemic stroke in a tertiary hospital of northeastern state of India

Abstract

Introduction: Acute ischemic stroke, a subtype of acute stroke is one of the leading causes of death and major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The incidence of acute ischemic stroke is increasing with gradual increase in obesity, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and some other cardiac problem. Objective: The study has been conducted with a primary objective to study the epidemiology and clinical presentation of acute ischemic stroke. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out among 100 acute ischemic stroke patients(clinically and radiologically confirmed) irrespective of age and sex admitted to Medicine and Emergency Department of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences(RIMS), Imphal after getting clearance from Institutional Ethical Committee(IEC). The acute ischemic stroke patients were also undergone plane CT (computed tomography) scan brain by the CT scan model Philips Brilliance 64 slice CT for radiological confirmation and to localize the lesion in brain. Data, collected in prescribed protocol, were analyzed in simple statistical percentage. Result: Acute ischemic stroke was found most commonly in 50-75 age group with male predominance. Majority of the acute stroke patients were smoker, non-vegetarian and hypertensive. The commonest clinical feature at presentation was hemiplegia. Rightsided hemiplegia was the predominant finding in acute stroke patients. Left hemisphere brain infarction was more common than right hemisphere lesion in brain. Conclusion: In this study, the epidemiology, clinical presentation and various risk factors of acute ischemic stroke have been focused, by targeting which the burden of this disabling disease can be prevented.