Abstract
Objectives: This study was conducted to assess clinico-epidemiological features of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children and evaluate disease severity using the SCORing atopic dermatitis index (SCORAD Index). Material and Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study carried out at the department of Dermatology at a tertiary care centre in North India over a period of 1 year. This study enrolled children aged between 3 months and 16 years of age clinically diagnosed with AD using Hanifin and Rajka criteria (HRC). Results: The prevalence of AD was found to be 8.12%. Age of presentation ranged from 4 months to 16 years of age, with a mean age of 4.18 ± 3.88 years. 42% of patients had personal and 52.50% of patients had a family history of atopy. We report pruritus as a major presenting symptom seen in 100% of children with AD. Typical morphology and distribution were observed in 97.50% of cases, with the face being the most commonly affected site in infants (95.08%) and flexural involvement more common in children (77.70%). Infants had acute eczema (63.93%) and children with AD mostly presented with chronic eczematous lesions (58.27%). The most common minor feature of HRC observed was xerosis, seen in 94% of patients. Amongst atypical features, scalp scaling was the most common feature seen in 17%. SCORAD Index grading was mild in 49.50% of children with AD, moderate in 40.50% and severe grading was seen only in 10% of children. Conclusion: Clinical features, prevalence and severity of AD are affected by various geographical, environmental and local factors such as lifestyle, clothing and eating/dietary factors.
Published Version
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