Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of pralidoxime chloride on clinical outcome including recovery rate and mortality in patients with acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Methods According to the total amount of pralidoxime chloride administered over the first 24 hours or entire duration of hospitalization, a cohort of 163 organophosphorus pesticide poisoning patients, admitted from February 2004 to December 2014 were assigned to different groups followed by a retrospective analysis. Comparisons of recovery rate, mortality rate, mean length of hospital stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation were made among groups. SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze categorical variables between the data of groups with χ2 test/Fisher exact probability method and numerical variables with t test or One-way ANOVA, and statistical significance was set as P<0.05. Results According to the amount of pralidoxime chloride given over the first 24 hours, the recovery rate and the mortality rate were significantly improved in the experimental group (pralidoxime chloride>2 g) than in the control group (pralidoxime chloride 4 g) (P=0.034). Based on the total amount of pralidoxime chloride prescribed in the entire duration of hospital stay, the recovery rate and mortality rate were significantly better in the experimental group than those in control group (P=0.002), and among the three dose-response subgroups, the significant difference in recovery rate and mortality rate were also observed (P=0.006). Conclusions Increased amounts of pralidoxime chloride prescribed in the first 24 hours and in the whole hospitalized period can improve the recovery rate and reduce the mortality rate in organophosphorus pesticide poisoning patients. Key words: Acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning; Insecticide; Pesticide poisoning; Cholinesterase agents; Oxime; Pralidoxime chloride; Pralidoxime iodide; Antidote; Dosage
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