Clinical study of the predictive value of the IL-9 cytokines in the patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract

Objective To investigate the predictive value of IL-9 cytokines in the patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods According to Berlin definition of ARDS published in 2012, data of 28 patients with ARDS and another 22 healthy subjects as control were collected for prospective study from June, 2013 to July, 2014. Of them, there were 23 patients with severe pneumonia, 1 patient with acute mercury poisoning, 2 patients with severe acute pancreatitis, 2 patients with acute paraquat poisoning. The survivors of ARDS patients were followed up. The ARDS patients were divided into moderate group (n=18) and severe group (n=10) as per the severity of the disease diagnosed at the first day after admission. And the ARDS patients were also divided into non-survival group (n=15) and survival group (n=13) according to the ARDS patients survived for 28 days. Three mLs of peripheral venous blood were collected in the early morning from fasted ARDS patients on the first and the third day after diagnosis of ARDS confirmed, and those of healthy subjects were collected on the first day after admission. The IL-9 cytokine level of peripheral venous blood detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The comparisons of levels of IL-9 cytokine were carried out between ARDS group and control group on the first day after diagnosis of ARDS established, between moderate group and severe group on the first day and the third day, and between survival group and non-survival group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of IL-9 as a prognostic indicator in the early stage of ARDS. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 software. Results On the first day after diagnosis of ARDS, there were no statistically significant differences in age, APACHEⅡscore, procalcitonin (PCT) , C-reactive protein (CRP) , white blood cell count, lactate, and albumin between survival group and non-survival group (P>0.05). PH value in non-survival group was significantly lower than that in survival group (P 0.05). On the third day, IL-9 level in severe group was significantly higher than that in moderate group (P 0.05). The ROC of IL-9 on the third day for predicting mortality had AUC of 0.769 (95% CI 0.592-0.947, P<0.05). When the cut-off value of IL-9 for the death followed up for 28 day's was 2.88 pg/mL, the sensitivity was 86.7%, and the specificity was 61.5%. Conclusions IL-9 levels of in patients with ARDS were significantly higher, and IL-9 level can be helpful for the assessment of ARDS severity in the early stage, and for prognosis as well. Key words: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; IL-9; Predictive value; Clinical research