Clinical spectrum of neuro‐ophthalmological manifestations associated in MOG antibodies in children

Abstract

AbstractIntroduction: The discovery of the role of MOG antibodies over the last decade has tremendously modified our comprehension of inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), especially in children.Objective: To describe the clinical spectrum of neuro‐ophthalmological manifestations associated in MOG antibodies in children.Methods: Literature review using Pubmed and Google Scholar and chosen clinical case series.Results: Three long known clinical entities affecting the optic nerve in children have been recently proven to be largely associated with MOG antibodies: optic neuritis in the context of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM); monophasic optic neuritis; chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy (CRION). ADEM is a child's specificity. CRION often starts during late childhood. These entities can occur after one another in a same child.Conclusions: The absence of overlap between multiple sclerosis, aquaporine 4 antibodies (associated with neuromyelitis optica only) and MOG antibodies, allows for a new, clearer delineation of inflammatory disorders of the CNS in children, closer to the precise classical clinical descriptions than to the semi‐recent criteria‐based “spectra”.