Clinical Profile of Acute Myocardial Infarction at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the clinical profile of myocardial infarction in a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia, and to determine the differences in presentation, risk factors, complications, and mortality between old and young patients.
 Methods: Retrospective analysis of demographic and clinical data of adult myocardial infarction patients treated in King Abdulaziz University Hospital between 2010 and 2018.
 Results: A total of 543 acute myocardial infarction patients (79.4% males) were included in the analysis. There were 64 patients aged ≤ 45 years and 479 patients aged > 45 years. The most common presenting symptom was chest pain in both groups. Current smoking was the most common risk factor in the younger group, whereas diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the most common risk factors in the older group. On electrocardiography, ST-elevation myocardial infarction was more common in the younger group. Mitral regurgitation, followed by congestive heart failure, were the most common complications in both groups. The overall mortality rate was low, but it was higher in the older group.
 Conclusion: Risk factors and electrocardiogram findings differ significantly between younger (≤ 45 years) and older (> 45 years) patients. Smoking cessation must be stressed in young adults. Population awareness regarding the modifiable risk factors of myocardial infarction could help in decreasing its incidence.