Abstract
Background: Incidence of diabetes mellitus continues to rise, common focus areas for diabetes control are blood glucose levels, diet, and exercise. Controlling these factors are essential for a better quality of life in diabetes patients. Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyuria, cystitis, and, more important, serious upper urinary tract infection. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive and cross-sectional study which included 250 Study subjects who were admitted in CSI Kalyani General hospital during the period from July 2017 to July 2018 and who has Diabetic as a comorbidity were interviewed using structured protocol based proforma. Patient underwent routine clinical, pathological and biochemical investigations. Results: In this study, 250 in-patients were included and analyzed. The prevalence of Infection in Diabetes mellitus was 65.6%. There is no significant association between Age, Education, Occupation, HbA1C, Duration and type of treatment and biochemical values. The commonest organism in Urine sample among the study group was E.coli followed by Klebsiella. UTI is more common in females, Respiratory infection is more common in males and it is statistically significant (p<0.009) and it is statistically significant (p<0.007). Conclusion: From this study, we have concluded that patient with diabetes mellitus is at increased risk for common infections due to poor glycemic control and Obesity. Poor glycemic control suppresses the immunity and more prone for infection. Therefore, the challenges will be to attain good glycemic control, change in lifestyle to maintain normal BMI. This will prevent the morbimortality, reduce the long-term complication and maintenance to prolong the life without any sequele. More prospective case control studies on the management of infections in DM patients are needed. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, infections, clinical profile, hba1c, glycemic control
Highlights
Diabetes is fast gaining the status of a potential epidemic in India with more than 62 million diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with the disease
This study was done among the Diabetic patients of age >12years who are all treated as In-Patient during July 2017 to July 2018 in CSI Kalyani Hospital, Chennai
Diabetes Mellitus [12] is a non-communicable disease and is one of the major disease burdens worldwide and a leading cause for non-traumatic lower limb amputations, the association of the Infection and diabetes mellitus is not a new entity it’s been known for quite some time for the recent studies suggest the increased prevalence of infections among diabetics with, many research has proved that glycemic control within appropriate normal limits will help to reduce the morbimortality and long-term complications [14] of Diabetes mellitus. [11, 12] Physicians should be aware of risk factors and type of infections present in patients with diabetes in order to provide proper care
Summary
Diabetes is fast gaining the status of a potential epidemic in India with more than 62 million diabetic individuals currently diagnosed with the disease. It is predicted that by 2030 diabetes mellitus may afflict up to 79.4 million individuals in India, while China (42.3 million) and the United States (30.3 million) will see significant increases in those affected by the disease. Studies revealed that defect in the function of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes were the reason for increased infections in diabetics. Incidence of diabetes mellitus continues to rise, common focus areas for diabetes control are blood glucose levels, diet, and exercise. Controlling these factors are essential for a better quality of life in diabetes patients. Conclusion: From this study, we have concluded that patient with diabetes mellitus is at increased risk for common infections due to poor glycemic control and obesity. More prospective case control studies on the management of infections in DM patients are needed
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