Clinical pharmacist evaluation of medication inappropriateness in a geriatric hospital

Abstract

Potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) in elderly patients is highly prevalent and is associated with an increased risk of adverse drug events, morbidity, and mortality. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the PIP encountered in a geriatric setting and to highlight the role of the clinical pharmacists in this context. A retrospective observational study was conducted during March and April 2018 in an elderly daycare in Beirut area. Patients' files were screened to evaluate each patient's clinical status using a developed tool that included the Medication Appropriateness Index. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 20). The results were considered significant at P<0.05. The results showed a high incidence of hypertension, schizophrenia, and diabetes among the studied sample with percentages of 41.7%, 35.3%, and 26.6%, respectively. As for the PIP, drug therapy duration and cost were the most encountered problems followed by medication indication, dosage, and drug-drug interaction. Moreover, PIP increased with the number of prescribed medications (P<0.05). Proton pump inhibitors, low dose aspirin, and antidiabetic medications' users had a significantly higher Medication Appropriateness Index score as compared to non-users. As a conclusion, suboptimal care is proved in this study empowering the collaboration between clinical pharmacists and physicians in minimizing the PIPs in elderly daycares.