Clinical, pathology-associated and molecular biomarkers of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa

Abstract

Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa is ascarring disease of the intertrigines that is now intensively researched. Improved pathogenetic understanding has led to the introduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‑α) inhibition, which represents amajor advance over traditional broad immunosuppression and antibiotic administration. In addition, awide range of newer and promising treatments is or is about to be clinically evaluated. These include various specific antibodies against cytokines and the complement system and small molecules. Successful use of the individual drugs depends on the stratification of suitable patient groups with the help of clinically relevant biomarkers. While molecular investigations have shown anumber of possible biomarkers and/or therapeutic target molecules, the detection of robust predictive biomarkers is still in its initial phase. In summary, the therapeutic options for hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa are improving through the introduction of new drugs, possibly in combination with surgical interventions, whereby the possibilities for predictive therapeutic decisions through the discovery of biomarkers would revolutionize the chances of therapeutic success.