Clinical investigation of 3 550 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage of three nationalities in Xinjiang

Abstract

Objective To investigate the pre-hospital epidemiological data and in-hospital treatment status of the patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage among the different nationalities in Xinjiang. Methods The medical records of 3 550 Han, Uygur and Kazak patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage who lived in Xinjiang for more than 10 years were sampled from 14 hospitals between January 2010 and August 2012. Their incidence (14 hospitals covered the resident population of the region as a benchmark in the sixth national census 2010), prevalence characteristics, ethnic distribution, and treatment status were analyzed. Results Of the 3 550 patients, the Han, Uygur, and Kazak were 2 386, 985, and 179, respectively, and the incidences of intracerebral hemorrhage of the 3 nationalities were 67.6/100 000, 35.1/100 000, and 39.6/100 000, respectively. The proportions of the Han male, Uygur and Kazak female patients were the highest (P<0.01). The proportion of intracranial hemorrhage was the highest among the population ≥60 years old in Han and Uygur, and that of intracranial hemorrhage of Kazak in the 45 to 59 years old was the highest (P<0.01). The lower the level of education, the higher the proportion of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (P<0.01). The rates of smoking history, drinking history and history of heart disease were the highest in Han, followed by Kazak, and those of the lowest were Uygur (P<0.01). The proportion of the history of hypertension was higher in the 3 nationalities, and there were no significant differences. The overall trend of intracerebral hemorrhage was higher in winter and lower in autumn; Uygur and Kazak were the highest in summer and lowest in spring; and Han was the highest in spring. The incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage was highest at 2 time points (from 7 ∶00 to 12 ∶00 and 13 ∶00 to 18 ∶00) in the 3 nationalities (P<0.01). There were significant differences in GCS scores on admission and GOS scores at discharge among the 3 nationalities (P<0.01). All 3 nationalities were mainly treated with drugs. Surgical methods were mainly soft channel drilling and drainage. The cure rate of Han and Kazak was about 30%, and Uygur was the lowest (11.8%); the proportion of death was highest in Han patients and Uygur was the lowest. Conclusion Compared with Uygur and Kazak in Xinjiang, Han had some differences in the incidence of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, age, season, onset time period, treatment modalities, and prognosis Key words: Intracranial hemorrhage, hypertensive; Xinjiang; Nationality; Risk Factors; Epidemiology; Clinical Features