Clinical Impact of 18FDG-PET/CT in the Follow-up of Endometrial Cancer

Abstract

In Brief Purpose: Endometrial cancer is the most frequent of gynecologic cancers in developed countries. Recurrence occurred mostly within the 2 years following initial therapy. Distant metastases are rare. This case report shows the clinical interest of 18F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in long-term staging of endometrial cancer. Materials and Methods: A 74-year-old woman had undergone surgery and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and brachytherapy for an endometrial cancer. After a 12-year complete remission, an increase in tumor marker levels led to further investigations. Results: CT scan discovered a tumor, located under the liver, but with no hepatic lesion. FDG-PET/CT confirmed peritoneal carcinosis and discovered 3 hepatic metastases. Ultrasonography confirmed these findings. Patient underwent surgery for peritoneal carcinosis and one hepatic lesion and radiofrequency ablation for the 2 other hepatic tumors. Tumor marker levels normalized after therapy. CT scan and ultrasonography performed 1 and 3 months after treatment, respectively, led to false-positive results, as confirmed by a negative FDG-PET/CT performed 6 months after treatment. Conclusions: Whole-body FDG-PET contributes to the diagnosis of recurrence from endometrial cancer. It could be an accurate tool to check on early therapeutic success after radiofrequency ablation. Endometrial cancer is the most frequent of gynecologic cancers in developed countries. Whole-body FDG-PET contributes to the diagnosis of recurrence from endometrial cancer. It could be an accurate tool to check on early therapeutic success after radiofrequency ablation.