Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective: To describe the frequency, clinical profile and treatment of patients with urolithiasis in the Pediatric Nephrology Department of a public state hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Methods: Retrospective study. Data from pediatric patients (age: 1 month - 18 years) with urolithiasis admitted between January/2012 and December/2014 were reviewed from hospital charts. The studied variables were: demographic and anthropometric data, clinical status, family history of urolithiasis, urinary tract infection and use of lithogenic drugs, diagnostic procedures, associated abnormalities, metabolic disorders, treatment and recurrence.Results: The frequency of urolithiasis was 13.6%. Main characteristics of the patients: male gender, white race, eutrophy, aged between 5 and 10 years, family history of urolithiasis, previous urinary infection and spontaneous stone passage. Abdominal and flank pain and macroscopic hematuria were the most common complaints. The most frequent metabolic disorders were hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria and hypocitraturia. Hypocitraturia was associated with previous urinary infection (p=0.004). Abdomen/urinary tract ultrasonography was the most commonly used diagnostic test. Hydronephrosis occurred in 54.4% of the cases, 81.1% of the stones were in the kidneys, and bilateral stones were associated to a family history of urolithiasis (p=0.030). Recurrence rate was 29.3% (most patients had a metabolic disorder). In 12.3%, the patients underwent lithotripsy, 24.5% were surgically treated (mainly pyelolithotomy), and only 7.6% had their stones analyzed (calcium oxalate was the main finding in the examined stones).Conclusions: The frequency of urolithiasis in these pediatric patients was similar to that reported by the literature. A metabolic evaluation is required and the composition of stones should be better evaluated.
Highlights
Urolithiasis in childhood and adolescence has been increas‐ ingly diagnosed in the past three decades, in several coun‐ tries of the world.[1]
By consulting the Statistics and File sector of Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado (HFSE), we found all patients followed‐up in the nephropediatrics outpatient clinic of the hospital, from January, 2012, to December, 2014, and selected the charts with the urolithiasis diagnosis
Schor and Heilberg estimated that the frequency of urolithiasis in Brazil was 10%
Summary
Urolithiasis in childhood and adolescence has been increas‐ ingly diagnosed in the past three decades, in several coun‐ tries of the world.[1] The reason for such an increase is not clear, but is associated to climactic (global warming seems to predispose to urolithiasis, due to the reduced urine output and to insufficient water intake),[2] and diet changes (foods rich in sodium, animal protein and carbohydrates, typical from industrialized countries, would favor the formation of calculi),[3] genetic inheritance and, possibly, other envi‐ ronmental factors.[4]. There are few data on the sample of urolithiasis in children in Brazil
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
