Clinical epidemiological characterization of leptospirosis during the period 2001-2022 in the Santa Clara municipality, Cuba

Abstract

The objective of the study was to characterize clinically and epidemiologically human leptospirosis in the Santa Clara municipality, between 2001 and 2022. An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out. In the affected human population, the incidence, trend, seasonality and endemic channel were determined in a 21-year time series. The occurrence of outbreaks by year, morbidity, lethality, mortality, cases by area, seasonality, were found. The incidence of human leptospirosis in the municipality of Santa Clara is high, and the most affected were the “Captain Roberto Fleites” and “Marta Abreu” health areas. The age group with the highest number of cases was emphasized in patients with age comprehend between 15 and 59 years old, with a predominance of males. Human leptospirosis manifests a seasonal behavior with a tendency to persist. The most frequent symptoms in affected humans were headache, pyrexia, myalgia and jaundice and afebrile cases in pediatric age are described as contributions to the epidemiology in the territory.