Clinical differences between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis combined emphysema and non emphysema patients

Abstract

Objective To investigate the clinical differences of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) patients.Methods 13 cases of CPFE patients in our hospital from August 2007 to August 2012 were enrolled as observation group,and 13 cases of simple IPF patients in the same period were selected as control group.The differences of clinical data,PaO2,pulmonary function,bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell component index,and clinical medication between two groups were compared.Results Smoking patients in observation group accounted for 92.3％,smoking index was (29.7±18.6) pack years,which were higher than those in control group [53.8 ％,x2 =7.89,P ＜0.05 ; (17.8 ± 16.4) pack years,t =1.73,P ＜0.05].There was no significant difference between two groups in PaO2 and vital capacity of expected value (t =0.21,1.29,all P ＞0.05).FEV1/FVC and DLCO％ pred in observation group were lower than those in control group [(77.9±7.7)％ vs (85.6±8.9)％,t=2.36,P＜0.05;(44.1±12.3)％ vs(54.3±16.7)％,t=1.77,P ＜0.05],while the lung volume percentage of predicted value was significantly higher than that in control group [(77.3± 12.2)％ vs (64.4±12.4)％,t =2.67,P ＜0.01].There was no significant difference between two groups in BALF cell components (all P ＞ 0.05).The medication was basically consistent in two groups.Conclusions Smoking is an important risk factor of CPFE patients.In CPFE patients,diffuse function decreases and lung volume is abnormal. Key words: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema; Pulmonary function; Clinical differences