Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) significantly increases the risk of stroke, dementia, and other cognitive and mental disorders. Atherosclerotic type of cardiovascular disorders (CVD) is the main cause of death in patients with DM2. Aim. In this review, we aimed to outline risk factors, clinical characteristics and outcomes of stroke in patients with DM2. The obtained information can be used to improve prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of cerebral vascular disorders in DM2. Materials and Methods. We conducted a systematic review of prognostic and risk factors of cerebral vascular disorders in DM2. Our search included 50 articles from PUBMED published in the last few years. We compared statistical data from Azerbaijan with those from other countries. Results. Hyperglycemia, obesity, insulin resistance and arterial hypertension (AH) are all risk factors of brain microvascular dysfunctions in patients with diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, obesity, AH, dyslipidemias, smoking and genetic predisposition to CVD, chronic kidney disorders, and albuminuria are all risk factors of cardiovascular disorders in DM2. The possible outcomes can be a stroke, cognitive dysfunction, and depressive disorders. For Azerbaijan, main risk factors is an atherosclerotic type of CVD. Conclusion. Due to the high socio-economic burden of disease there is an urgent need in new approaches aimed at prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of cerebral vascular disorders in patients with DM2 in Azerbaijan.
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