Abstract
Purpose The aim of the present study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of visual dysfunction in patients with carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. Methods A total of 436 patients with CO poisoning were enrolled in our hospital from October 2012 to December 2018, including 193 patients with moderate poisoning (MP group), 165 with severe poisoning (SP group), and 78 with delayed encephalopathy (DE group). The clinical characteristics of visual dysfunction in patients with CO poisoning were analyzed through the collection of medical history, regular physical examination, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ophthalmological examination, the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ), and its influencing factors. Results Some patients in the three groups had visual dysfunction. The main ocular symptoms were local pain, eye movement disorder, and visual field defect. The key pathological factors were keratopathy, retinal nerve cell damage, optic nerve damage, retinal vascular disease, macular disease, and occipital visual center damage. The clinical symptoms of visual dysfunction after CO poisoning lasted for a long time (>12 months) and were not completely consistent with the positive results of the ophthalmological examination. A few sequelae of ophthalmology were still left after the help of medicine. Conclusion The incidence of visual dysfunction in patients with CO poisoning was high, the clinical symptoms were rich and diverse, the duration of disease was long, and the prognosis was poor. Thus, the relevant ophthalmological examination and intervention treatment should be perfected as soon as possible.
Highlights
Carbon monoxide (CO) is the most common asphyxiating gas that causes toxic death in life and work
The visual dysfunction induced by CO poisoning is common in clinical practice; especially, serious visual function damage will occur in severe poisoning patients [4, 5], even blindness, and the prognosis is poor
Scholars around the world are mainly focused on the molecular mechanisms Journal of Ophthalmology of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system caused by the toxicity after CO exposure. e evidence about the causes and specific mechanisms of visual dysfunction after CO poisoning is obviously insufficient in clinics and experiments for large-scale research. erefore, based on the clinical cases, the present study aims to analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of visual dysfunction in CO poisoning patients so as to provide a basis for the clinical treatment and prognosis
Summary
Carbon monoxide (CO) is the most common asphyxiating gas that causes toxic death in life and work. Despite the improvement of the clinical performance and the recovery of consciousness in acute CO poisoning patients, some cases still appear as series of encephalopathy symptoms again within 2–60 days of “false recovery period.” e latter is called the delayed encephalopathy after carbon monoxide poisoning (DEACMP) with high death rate and disability rate and seriously affects the life quality of patients and their families [3]. E evidence about the causes and specific mechanisms of visual dysfunction after CO poisoning is obviously insufficient in clinics and experiments for large-scale research. Erefore, based on the clinical cases, the present study aims to analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of visual dysfunction in CO poisoning patients so as to provide a basis for the clinical treatment and prognosis Journal of Ophthalmology of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system caused by the toxicity after CO exposure. e evidence about the causes and specific mechanisms of visual dysfunction after CO poisoning is obviously insufficient in clinics and experiments for large-scale research. erefore, based on the clinical cases, the present study aims to analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of visual dysfunction in CO poisoning patients so as to provide a basis for the clinical treatment and prognosis
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