Clinical characteristics and risk factors of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities in patients of gastrointestinal surgery

Abstract

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and risk factors of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) during perioperative period of gastrointestinal surgery. Methods Color Doppler ultrasound was used for detecting lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in 120 patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery from November 2014 to August 2015 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Results There were 49 cases (40.8%) of lower extremity DVT after operation, including 24 cases (49%) of left lower extremity, 10 cases (20.4%) of right lower extremity, and 15 cases (30.6%) of both lower extremities. 48 cases (98%) were asymptomatic muscular venous thrombosis. 73.5% (36 cases) DVT occurred within 2 hours postoperatively. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age over 60 years, malignant tumor, overweight (BMI ≥24 kg/m2), D-dimer increment >1 mg/L, postoperative infection were closely related to the occurence of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities. Conclusion Asymptomatic muscular venous thrombosis within 2 hours after surgery is the main type of lower limb thrombosis in the perioperative gastrointestinal surgery. Age over 60 years, malignant tumor, postoperative infection, D-dimer increment >1 mg/L, overweight are independent risk factors for lower extremity DVT after gastrointestinal surgery. Key words: Venous thrombosis; Risk factors; Perioperative period; Muscular vein