Clinical changes in sodium monoiodoacetateinduced stifle osteoarthritis model in dogs

N Goranov

doi:10.5455/vetworld.2012.138-144

Abstract

In six dogs, experimental model of osteoarthritis (OA) was reproduced by intraarticular injection of sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA) in left stifle joints. Contralateral joints served as control. The clinical status and some goniometric parameters were monitored before MIA introduction and at post injection days 30, 60 and 105. The results showed convincingly that the used experimental chemical OA model reproduced successfully the disease in canine stifle joints. The studied clinical indices correlated with the severity of disease. ey words: dogs, stifle joint, sodium monoiodoacetate, osteoarthritis

Highlights

Osteoarthritis (ОА) is a degenerative articular cartilage disease encountered in all mammals, birds and men (Lipowitz, 1993)
The obtained results showed that OA in dogs could be successfully reproduced by intraarticular injection of the glycolysis inhibitor sodium monoiodoacetate in higher doses and multiple applications unlike Stobie et al (1994), which did not manage to induce OA with 0.5 mg/kg and 0.375 mg/kg MIA in this animal species
Our experiments evidenced that higher and repeated doses (5-10 mg/kg) succeeded to reproduced all symptoms of osteoarthritis: acute inflammation at onset, progressive degeneration, transition to chronic atrophic phase, to conclusions of Guinamp et al (1997), that only a sufficient amount of MIA resulted in rapid decline in the locomotor function of rat stifles and that low doses provoked a transient effect

Summary

Introduction

Osteoarthritis (ОА) is a degenerative articular cartilage disease encountered in all mammals, birds and men (Lipowitz, 1993). Ehrlich (2003) and Haima (2005) describe it as a “wear-andtear” process, while Bennett (1990) defines OA as the final stage of a prolonged accumulation of biochemical disorders, as adaptation of the joint to abnormal stress. Gardner (1994); Grainger & Cicuttini (2004) support the hypothesis for the multifactorial etiology of OA resulting in cartilage loss, bone remodeling, pain, effusion and inactivity.The incidence of degenerative joint conditions in dogs is about 78%, with increasing share of primary OA with age (May, 1994). The experimental reproduction of OA is of both scientific and applied importance. Sometimes, this is the only means to confirm a working hypothesis. Orthopaedics uses frequently in vivo experimental animal models (Bendele, 2001; Murray, 2002). The reproduction of all disorders and symptoms of OA is challenging, so a model possessing the most important signs of natural disease and that could be reproduced, is good enough for the purpose of research (Brandt, 2002; Carlson, 2005). The interest towards reproduction of OA of the knee is due to its anatomical features and the increasing prevalence of natural degenerative events (Bendele, 2001; Carlson, 2005). The numerous existing experimental models of OA are classified by Witter (1999) and Schaller et al (2005)

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