Clinical case: aneurismatic bone cyst in a child before and after treatment

Abstract

Aaneurysmal bone cyst is a benign tumor-like bone lesion with an uncertain etiology with many blood-filled cavities. As an independent nosological form, this disease was isolated in 1942. There are several theories of the etiology of the primary aneurysmal bone cyst, including a response to traumatic local hemorrhage, reactive damage due to changes in the intraosseous blood flow, and true neoplasm secondary to gene rearrangements. The primary form of aneurysmal bone cysts must be differentiated from the secondary form – the latter develops against the background of bone pathology. About one third of all cysts develop against the background of a giant cell tumor, osteoblastoma, or chondroblastoma. Aneurysmal bone cysts are mainly observed in children and adolescents, with 80% occurring in patients under the age of 20–30. Women suffer a little more often M: F = 1: 1.16. Aneurysmal bone cysts can lead to a pathological fracture, which can dramatically worsen symptoms. Inside the spine, lesions can cause neurological disorders caused by massive exposure to the spinal cord or exit from nerve roots. Since they usually manifest in the pediatric population, growth plates can be affected, resulting in deformation of the limb. In practice, diagnosing AKC can be difficult. The differential diagnosis includes a giant cell tumor, fibrous dysplasia, a simple bone cyst, ossifying hematoma, chondroma, chondromyxoid fibroma, enchondroma, hemophilic pseudotumor and metastases. ACC is not a neoplastic lesion and it is very important to differentiate this nosology from malignant bone lesions. This article presents a rare clinical case of aneurysmal bone cyst of the frontal sinus and cells of the ethmoid labyrinth in a child before and after treatment. Purpose. Demonstration a clinical case of aneurysmal bone cyst before and after surgical treatment.