Abstract
Foerster and Aubert were the first (1857) to suggest the use of perimetry for clinical and experimental purposes. This method has given many valuable contributions to clinical and experimental ophthalmology, but after a lapse of thirty years it was found insufficient for examination of the defects of the central visual field. Bjerrum and his followers, particularly Ronne, elaborated in detail the methods of campimetric examination of the visual field. Under the influence of the Bjerrum school, ophthalmologists became accustomed to regard various defects of the visual field detected by perimetric and campimetric examinations as defects of nerve fiber bundles. It is interesting that first Hess and then Igersheimer forewarned against the use of minute or dot objects for campimetric investigations. In his special article on dot perimetry Hess discussed the question of the theory of using small test objects. By means of calculations he showed that images of small
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