CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF RAGWEED POLLINOSIS IN THE SAMARA REGION

N N Zhukova,M V Manzhos,E Yu Syrtsova,L R Khabibulina

doi:10.15789/1563-0625-cai-2210

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma are widespread respiratory allergic diseases. In some territories of the Russian Federation, the dominant cause of pollinosis is ragweed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of ASIT with the allergen Ambrosia artemisiifolia in patients sensitized to Ambrosia trifida in the Samara region. Patients with proven sensitization to Ambrosia trifida was held immunotherapy with Ambrosia artemisiifolia allergoid preseason. After treatment, patients had a decrease in the severity of symptoms of allergic rhinitis according to VAS (p = 0.00001), a decrease in the need for medications (p = 0.0003), as well as the need for corticosteroids against the background of therapy from 34.6% to 0% (p = 0.00001). In 8% of cases, the result of treatment was good, in 69% satisfactory, in 23% unsatisfactory. In the control group, there were no changes in the severity of symptoms (p = 0.858). Also, in the control group, the need for medications remained unchanged and 14.3% of patients continued to use corticosteroids.After ASIT, there was a decrease in the level of IL-4 (p = 0.002), and a decrease in the ratio of IL-4/ IL-10 (p = 0.0063); at the same time, changes in the level of other cytokines (IL-10; IFNγ) were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Before treatment, the levels of IL-4/ IL-10 in both groups were comparable, and after treatment, the differences became statistically significant (p = 0.031). We did not get a statistically significant change in the level of IgG4 Amb a 1 or IgG4 Amb trifida. There was no correlation between the level of individual cytokines and the results of treatment. As a result of the conducted ASIT, positive clinical and immunological results were obtained. In most patients, the disease has acquired a controlled course. At the same time, the lack of excellent and low number of good results of ASIT is probably due to the intraspecific allergenic properties of ragweed.

Highlights

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic bronchial asthma (BA) are chronic diseases of the respiratory tract, characterized by constant minimal inflammatory reactions due to exposure to allergens.According to epidemiological studies, the adult BA prevalence in the Russian Federation is 6.9%, and AR – 6.5% [5].In the Omsk region, 40% of all visits to an allergist are associated with symptoms of hay fever
The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) with the ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) allergen in patients sensitized with Ambrosia trifida in the Samara region
Prevalence of ragweed sensitization According to the results of studies carried out earlier in the Samara region, 75% patients suffering from hay fever were sensitized to weeds

Summary

Introduction

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic bronchial asthma (BA) are chronic diseases of the respiratory tract, characterized by constant minimal inflammatory reactions due to exposure to allergens.According to epidemiological studies, the adult BA prevalence in the Russian Federation is 6.9%, and AR – 6.5% [5].In the Omsk region, 40% of all visits to an allergist are associated with symptoms of hay fever. Allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic bronchial asthma (BA) are chronic diseases of the respiratory tract, characterized by constant minimal inflammatory reactions due to exposure to allergens. The adult BA prevalence in the Russian Federation is 6.9%, and AR – 6.5% [5]. In the Omsk region, 40% of all visits to an allergist are associated with symptoms of hay fever. In the Moscow region, percentage of hay fever in the structure of allergic diseases is 17.5% [8]. In the Dagestan, 40% of patients with hay fever revealed sensitization to weed allergens, among which wormwood and ragweed predominate. In the Stavropol region, up to 40% of the population suffers from hay fever, with ragweed being the dominant taxon of weed pollen [13]

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