Clinical and bacterial periodontal parameters with methylene blue-loaded nanoparticles incorporated in a natural plant-based vehicle for the treatment of Stage III Grade B periodontitis.

Abstract

AimThe aim of the present clinical trial was to assess the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) versus poly-L-glycolic acid nanoparticles loaded methylene blue in aloe vera gel (PGA/MB/AV) on periodontal and microbial outcomes in patients with Stage III Grade B periodontitis. MethodsSeven-five patients undergoing scaling and root planing (SRP) were randomized equally into three groups: Group-I: PGA/MB/AV + SRP, Group-II: PDT + SRP, and Group-III: SRP alone. The assessed clinical periodontal parameters included plaque scores (PS), bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth (PD), and clinical attachment levels (CAL). Plaque samples were acquired from the patients to assess the levels of Tannerella forsythia (Tf) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). Clinical and bacterial recording were documented at the start of the study, 3 months, and 6 months after completion of treatment. ResultsA significant improvement was observed in both PS and BOP at the 3 months (p<0.01) and 6 months (p<0.001) follow-up in all three groups. A significant reduction in BOP scores was observed in Group II in comparison to the other groups on the inter-group comparison. Group-I showed significant PD reduction and CAL gain compared to Group II and III (p<0.01). Group-I displayed a significant decrease in the Tf and Pg after 3 months (p<0.05). A decrease was observed after six months of treatment for Tf only (p<0.05). Group I displayed a high decrease for only Tf at three months (p<0.05). ConclusionMethylene blue-loaded nanocarrier in AV gel produced pronounced periodontal healing compared to aPDT alone in stage III grade B periodontitis patients.